Artificial intelligence (AI) may soon change the way people make choices online-from what to buy to what to prefer-according to researchers at the University of Cambridge.
There’s this very recent “intention economy,” this marketplace where AI tools predict and influence human behavior, and then sell those insights to companies for money. According to a report by researchers at Cambridge’s Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence (LCFI), the shift may become nothing less than a revolutionary change in the online landscape with deep ethical and societal issues .
Emerging Intention Economy
The “attention economy,” where platforms monetize user attention through targeted advertising, makes the “intention economy” the next frontier on the horizon. AI system could potentially analyze the users’ purposes—be it to plan vacation or to support a political candidate—and auction off this to the highest bidder.
According to Dr. Jonnie Penn, historian of technology at LCFI, “For years, attention has been the currency of the internet. But the intention economy will treat motivations as the new currency, enabling companies to target and influence human aspirations directly.”
Penn warned that such risks may affect free elections, press freedom, and market fairness. “We must consider these implications before unintended consequences arise,” he said.
How AI May Determine Decisions
The report outlines how LLMs, the cores of AI applications like ChatGPT, can predict and influence decisions in real time. Such applications could foresee what a user intends based on behavioral data and nudge choice subtly. For instance:
Movie recommendation: “Have you considered watching this movie tonight?”
Booking a ticket: “You said you are stressed—should I book that movie night we were talking about?”
Such interactions, dynamically personal, may align with a psychological profile and preferences of a user such that advertisers can craft highly effective campaigns.
AI-Driven Personalization
AI is already here in tools such as Meta’s Cicero, which negotiates human-like in games such as Diplomacy. The report warns that the same models could steer the conversation to extract more data or achieve specific goals.
Future scenarios might envision that such platforms of Meta would auction off a user’s intention to make a booking for a hotel or flight to the best advertisers. What the existing practice forecasts and bids about the behavior, AI will do the same but in even a more dynamic and personalized fashion.
Ethical Consideration
This calls for proactive regulation not to be left vulnerable to misuse. According to Dr. Penn, “the intention economy can unlock great opportunities but has to be managed very carefully to avoid ethical pitfalls.”
AI-driven intention markets possess power and, at the same time, an opportunity for both, in a sense requiring transparent and fair practices of the digital age.
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